The “last mile” is considered the most expensive and at the same time the most complex stage in logistics. It describes transportation from the last transshipment point to the front door or to the shop. With growing urbanization, increasing online trade and growing sustainability requirements, classic models are increasingly reaching their limits. While diesel vans still dominate, cities and companies rely on innovative solutions that are intended to reduce emissions and increase efficiency.

E-cargo bikes and electric fleets
More and more CEP services (courier, express and parcel services) are experimenting with e-cargo bikes. These can avoid traffic jams, require less floor space and do not emit any local emissions. In densely populated inner city areas, they are increasingly replacing vans — not only for letters, but also for parcels. At the same time, the use of electric delivery vehicles is growing, which are becoming more attractive as a result of falling battery costs and government funding programs.

Micro-hubs and city depots
Urban micro-hubs are a key to efficiency. This involves bundling goods in small inner-city distribution centers and then distributing them emission-free. Such solutions shorten last-mile routes and make delivery more flexible.

Digital control and transparency
Modern city logistics does not work without digital platforms. Predictive analytics, IoT sensors and real-time tracking optimize route planning, prevent empty runs and increase customer satisfaction. Cities also benefit from data that facilitates traffic and infrastructure planning.

challenges
Despite many pilot projects, companies face hurdles: legal framework, lack of charging infrastructure and high investment costs. The question of how much space inner cities can provide for city hubs is also unresolved.